In this paper, it is supposed that a project can be shown as a metagraph. The duration of activities are discrete Random variables with known probability function, also one kind of consumable and constrained resource is required to execute each activity of the project. Besides, the probability functions of activity durations depend on the amount of the resource allocated to it. Clearly, the amount of resource which can be allocated to each activity is limited to speci c values. In this paper, it is assumed that the due date of project is known and de nite. The objective of this paper is to maximize the probability of completion of stochastic metagraph before the due date of the project. As respects, solving the problem by using the analytical method is very challenging; therefore, we developed a new heuristic method including two sub-algorithms for solving the problem. Twenty examples were designed for examining the proposed algorithm.

Introduction: Usually osseointegration takes between three to six months after implant placement but patients are interested to have early loading. There are no definitive criteria for measuring bone mineral density (BMD), insertion torque (IT) (final torque force) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) (primary implant stability) to determine exact loading time based on the relationship between the above-mentioned parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between IT, RFA and BMD in screw-type implants.Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 18 patients who were candidates for ITI implant placement. Written consent was taken and jaw bone density was determined via a digital radiography technique before surgery. After implant placement, RFA and IT were measured. Fifty-five ITI implants of the total 62 implants placed were evaluated; the implants were 12 mm long with a diameter of 4.1 mm. Data was analyzed with Pearson’s test using SPSS.15 software (a=0.05).Results: There was a significant relationship between IT, RFA and BMD. Pearson’s test showed a correlation coefficient of 0.872 to 0.789 between the three parameters, indicating a strong relationship between them. The mean bone density was 1.468±0.042 g/cm2; the mean RFA was 66.01±2.2 ISQ and the mean IT was 34.62±3.33 N/cm2.Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study there is a significant relationship between, IT, RFA and BMD (p value=0.001).

In the geostationary, The use of orbit/spectrum resources through international telecommunication policies have always been challenging.Such challenges are in the result of some existing limitations in both the GSO capacity and its unique features in telecommunication fields. This article will clarify the privileges and deficiencies of the current and main regimes (i.e. A First come first served and A Priori planning) in frequency allocation in geostationary orbit, and discuss role of the developing countries to enact in the geostationary orbit.

The radar design, using the FDA technique, basically resists the well-known ECM methods and increases the power of the ECCM. In this research, ECCM techniques are first discussed. The following is a history of the subject, and it is examined that what are the advantages of phased array radars and frequency arrays and the reason for going to the FDA radars is that the radar is dependent on the distance, in addition to its dependence on the angle. In order to improve the idea of using FDA radars, the FDA-MIMO radars were discussed and according to the modeling and simulation results, it was found that the level of the side lobes in FDA-MIMO method decreased (close to 20 dB) compared with the FDA method, and this advantage means that the arrival of disturbing signals from the angles of side lobes is significantly weakened. On the other hand, as a second advantage, the main beam is sharper than the FDA radar (in the FDA radar, the main beam width is about 11 degrees while in the MIMO-FDA is about 4 degrees). The main idea of this thesis is to use the frequency variation of each element in comparison to the previous element in a Randomized manner in the FDA-MIMO method. The results show that the proposed method is sharper than the FDA and linear MIMO-FDA method (about 2.5 degrees), in fact, the accuracy of the resolution of the targets has increased and as a second advantage, it has a lower side lobes level (about 20dB below the linear state).

In this paper, a location allocation (LA) problem in construction and demolition (C & D) waste management (WM) is studied. A bi-level model for this problem under a fuzzy Random environment is presented where the upper level is the governments who sets up the processing centers, and the lower level are the administrators of different construction projects who control C & D waste and the after treatment materials supply. This model using an improved particle swarm optimization program based on a fuzzy Random simulation (IPSO-based FRS) is able to handle practical issues. A case study is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Conclusions and future research directions are discussed.

Balancing between demand and supply of grids is the most important task of the power systems operators and control systems. Otherwise, the possibility of frequency instability and severe damages to equipment are present. Primary frequency control (PFC) is the first and main control action in the grid in front of the active power imbalance disturbances. In this paper, the effects of the spinning reserve characteristics and the grid dynamic parameters, on PFC performance and maximum frequency decline (frequency nadir), are investigated. Then, a comprehensive equation is presented to determine the maximum frequency deviation after a large power imbalance in the grid. This equation considers all effective factors such as volume and speed of the primary frequency reserve (PFR), grid inertia constant, grid load level, and the frequency-dependent loads. The correctness of the presented equation is verified through different simulations. Finally, a comprehensive scheme is proposed for the primary frequency control reserve allocation in the grid, in the form of a few equations and instructions.

Time-frequency filtering is an acceptable technique for attenuating noise in 2-D (time-space) and 3-D (time-space-space) reflection seismic data. The common approach for this purpose is transforming each seismic signal from 1-D time domain to a 2-D time-frequency domain and then denoising the signal by a designed filter and finally transforming back the filtered signal to original time domain. The technique is efficient for ground roll and also Random noise attenuation. However, if we deal with a large data set and a great number of contaminated signals with ground roll noise, a much move consuming time will be required. In this paper, time-frequency filtering is formulated and carried out by a different approach. The data is transformed from original timespace domain into several single-frequency time-space domains, and the filters to reduce noise is designed in the new domains. The transform is easily and completely invertible. The employed time frequency analysis method is a high-resolution version of S-transform. Application to synthetic and real shot gathers confirms the good performance and efficiency of the method for attenuating ground roll noise and Random noise.

Purpose: Perceptual decision-making is the act of choosing one option from a set of alternatives based on available sensory information. Regarding the serious role of this act in human personal and social lives, the neurophysiological analysis of the brain during this type of decisions is of great interest. In this research, the underlying neural mechanism of these decisions is investigated using a perceptual decision-making Electroencephalogram (EEG) dataset with a perceptual discrimination task. Materials and Methods: An online available dataset containing the pre-processed EEG signals of 24 healthy participants during the perceptual decision-making task of Random Dot Kinematograms was used. After a secondary pre-processing stage, clean EEG signal was divided into 1. 3-second segments and averaged for Event-Related Potential (ERP) and Event-Related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP) calculations. The task engagement index was also calculated and averaged among all participants. Results: According to the results, the amplitude of the N200 component in O1 and O2 channels was larger for correct choices than incorrect ones. Furthermore, in the O2 channel, it was observed that the average alpha power near 200 milli-seconds after stimulus onset was slightly higher in high and low confidence choices than medium confidence choices. The beta band power in the PO2 channel was also higher for correct choices rather than incorrect ones in this interval. Moreover, the results represented that the task engagement index was higher in medium confidence choices, especially in occipital and parieto-occipital channels. Conclusion: The larger N200 amplitude and the higher beta power for correct choices, and the lower alpha power for medium confidence choices may be due to more attention of the individuals to the stimuli. This phenomenon can be observed in the task engagement indices as well. This could be because the user expended more effort in medium confidence to bring one of the choices to the decision threshold.